Fringe-making machine



May l1 1926.

C. B. NELSON FRIGE MAKING MACHINE Filed May 26 1924 'r4 sheets-sheet 1 Zwin/Q55.:

A May 11;, 1926. K

, C. B. NELSON FRINGE MAKING MACHINE Filed may 2e 1924 y 1 '1 sheets-sheet 2 May 11 1926.

1,583,896 c. B. NELSON n FRINGE MAKING MACHINE Filed May 26 1924 '7 Sheets-Sheet -5 JMW uU A' May 11 192e. 1,583,896

C. B. NELSON FRINGE MAKING MACHINE Filed May 26, 1924 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 menno/f7' May l1 -1926.

C. B. NELSON FRINGE MAKING MACHINE '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed May 26, 1924 May 11 1925. 1,583,896

v c. B. NELSON y FRINGE MAKING MACHINE Filed May 26, 1924 '7 Sheets-Sheet 6 May 11 l192s. 1,583,896

^ C. B. NELSON FRINGE MAKING MACHINE Filed May 26 1924 '7 Sheets-Sheet '7 w55 cJU/'zsmv Remon,

Patented May 11, 1926.

f UNITED. starts CHRISTIAN i3,A NnIisoN,

'sa 'rs-far if eration. y

0F f CHIeAGo, ILLINOIS.

riemen-MAKING MACHINE.

vAppli-cation,filed May 26, 1924.@ Serial No. 715,905.

My present invention relates to an apparatus which will automatically weave or fabricate a fringe that is provided with a woven tape or selvedge. from which extendsv the twisted or straight strands. Fringes of this character are.- frequently employed for decorativepurposes upon lamp shades, upholstering, and for divers other purposes. It is one ofthe objects of my present invention toprovide a structure which will automatically weave the fringe, both the pendant pieces aswell as thefwoven tape and which will operate in a veryjsimple manner so that the apparatusmay berapidly operated.V and thereby fabricate a. large quantity off'the fringe during a given-.period ofy operations It is also an object of my invention to provide a structureof this character wherein means are provided. for: automatically twistsk ing the pendant cords during the steps of weaving theftape or selvedgeto which the cords are attached,` and it is a further object to provide a unit for'this purpose that is-extreinely compact-in construction so thata large number of saidy units may beassembled in a single; apparatus: and the same `will* occupy but a comparatively small space so that a number of such apparatus may beinstalled in a factory 'roomrhaving ay restricted lfloor area.

Further objects will be apparent to others skillediin the art after my invention is understood from .the followingdescription, and I prefer toicarryout myl invention and aecomplish the numerous objects` thereof by means of the structure herein disclosedfthe drawings illustrating atypical embodiment of the principles of my invention.

In the drawings y Figure 1 is a-veiticul end elevationpf the structure at the motor or driving endlofthe apparatus showing the carrier supporting .combs for the braid moved away frointhe twister device.

Figure 2, is a vertical' elevation ofthe opi posite end of they apparatus showing the-- comb carrier moved up to the twisted ele-iA ments.

Figure 3, is a top plan of a fragmentary portion, drawn to an enlargedy scale, showing the application of my invention and illustrating aset or u-nit offthe fringe making members.

Figure t is avertiealtransversesection taken ongline -l-.of Figure?) and looking inthe direetioniof the arrows.y

Figure 5,.is a perspective of` one ofv the r'fringe makingy units showing, the` relative positions. ofthe Iparts at the :end-of the operationl of twisting the pendant-threads.

Figure 6, is a detail fragmentary view showing'the twister spindle and itsl drive; in the position assumed while rotatingto twist the fringe and the throw olf arm at rest.

Figure 7, is a similar'view to Figure 6 showingthe throw-off arm causing'the' disengagement of the twisted thready from the twister spindle whenthe latter is at rest.

Figure 8, is a topplan of a twister unit with the parts in the relative positions shown in Figure 7 and with the looper-arm approaching the twister spindle. Figures 9, `10 andll are schematic views illustrating the relative positions-:of the twister'spindle and looper arm during three wherever the saine occur throughout the several views.

.Referring first to Figures ly and 2, they structure.comprises cast metal end frames l and 25 the formerfbeing at the motoror drive-- end'ofthe apparatus and the latter at the ope .posite end thereof. These frames. are; somewhat iectangulariii.y shapeand are divided by vertically .and' horizontally disposed crossed inembersso as to provide threesquare portions, andI at the forward orV front portion of themachine theoutermembersof the frame are omitted. A standard 3 is prolISO vided on the forward or front portion of the frame 1 and a similar standard 4 is provided upon the corresponding portion of the other frame 2. The upper ends of these standards 3 and 4 are connected by an elongated horizontal sill 5 upon which is carried the twisting mechanism which will hereinafter be more fully described. A pulley 6 derives its power through a belt 7 from a motor, a line shaft or other suitable source, and the hub of this pulley is provided with a pinion 8 that is in mesh with a large drive gear 9. Extending longitudinally of the apparatus and journaled in suitable bearings in the end frames 1 and 2, and at approximately the inter-section of the vertical and horizontal crossed pieces, is the main drive shaft 10 of the apparatus. One end of this shaft extends beyond its bearings in the endv frame 1, has a drive gear 9 secured to it that meshes with pinion 8 or the drive pulley, and the opposite end of said shaft which extends through its bearings in the other end frame 2 is provided with a balance wheel 11.

The harness structure, including the heddles and their associated elements, forms no portion of my present invention, and are therefore not illustrated. The harness structure however is supported upon the frame carried by the standards 12 that are mounted upon the horizontal elements of/r the respective en'd frames 1 and 2.

The comb-carrying structure and the actuating device therefor comprises a horizontal rail 13, the ends of which are mounted in suitable seats 14 carried upon the upper end portions of vertically disposed levers 15 and 16 positioned outside the end frame 1 and 2 respectively and pivotally and adjustably mounted at their lower ends in horizontally elongated slots 15a and 16a in the respective end frames. The seats 14 are adjustable longitudinally of the respective levers 15 and 16 so as to elevate or lower the rail and combs by means of lateral extensions 17 that are movable longitudinally upon the lever arms and are secured in place by adjustable pins 18 that co-act with said extensions and the adjacent portions of the levers 15 and 16. The frame for the comb is moved toward and away from the fringe twisting structure by means of pitmen 19 and 20 that are connected in an adjustable manner with the gear 9 and with the balance wheel 11 by means of wrist pins 21 and 22 projecting from the respective elements. Secured to the rail 13 by means of a. plurality of brackets 23 is a longitudinally extending bar 24 that is horizontally disposed and extends from end to end of the comb frame, and spaced from this bar, but parallel thereto, is a corresponding?,` length of angle metal 25 having a suitable hand grasp 26 upon the upper horizontal liange. vThis angle piece and the bar 24 have secured thereto the uptwisting structure l have provided simple means for throwing off the twisted thread after the same has been looped and wound the desired extent. Tt will be understood in this connection that a suitable cutter also may be employed so that after the threads have been looped the same may be cut at the free end of the loop instead of being twisted so as to produce what is known as cut fringe.

The means for twisting the threads which hang pendent from the selvedge or braid comprises a spindle 29 having upon its outer end a curved or segmentally shaped pin 30 that projects laterally therefrom. This spindle is journaled intermediate its ends in a bearing in the outer portion of the bifurcations or spaced arms 31 of an irregularly shaped bracket 32 which is secured to the upper portion of a U-shaped holder 33. The latter structure is bolted or otherwise secured to a horizontal bar 34 positioned upon its edge and mounted upon the adjacent face of the sill 5 that connects the standards 3 and 4 of the respective end frame. Between the bifurcations or arms 31 the spindle 29 is provided with a pulley 35, and alongside this pulley, or preferably formed integrally therewith, is a suitable ratchet element in the form of a disk 36 having its edge provided with single tooth or shoulder` 37 and which is engaged upon its periphery by a spring pressed pawl element 38 pivoted upon the bracket 32. A belt 39 or the like operatively connects the pulley 35 with a larger drive pulley 40 secured upon the adjacent portion of an oscillatory shaft 41 that has a horizontally disposed axis. `This shaft is journaled in suitable bearings in end frames 1 and 2 of the structure, and said shaft extends beyond its bearing in the frame 2 where it is provided with a pinion 42 that is engaged and actuated by means of a gear segment 43 pivotally mounted upon a lateral stub 44 projecting from the web of the end frame casting below the shaft 41. A. slotted arm 45 projects from the hub of the gear in a direction diametrically opposite the teeth thereof and a connecting rod 46 is pivotally engaged at one en'd in the slot in said arm and its opposite end is correspondingly mountedv in the slotted lower portion 47 of an oscillating lli) arm 48. This latter arm 48 hasitsffulcrum l or pivot 49 at its upper end which is mount- -the pin 51 on the oscillating arm 48, will cause the latter to move back and forth, which imparts a reciprocatory motion tothe segmental gear 43 .and consequently an oscillatory movement of the shaft 4l, which latter through the pulley 40 andthe belt 39, will rotate the spindle 29 first in one direction and then in the other. The rotation of the spindle 29 in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 5 will twist the thread which has been looped upon its curved tinger, and when the shaft 4l is rotated in a reverse direction the tooth or shoulder 37 of the ratchet element will be brought into engagement withthe pawl 38, which will stop the further rotation of the spindle in the reverse direction. Because of the fact that the belt is not too-tight upon the pulley. 35, the former will slip when the pawl has engaged the ratchet tooth and prevent the rotation of the spindle inthe reversed direction. This pawl and ratchet mechanism, and the frictional engagement of the belt with the pulley 35 will thus permit the fringe thread to be twistedfthe desired number of turns, and when the reverse movement of the shaft 41 takes place the spindle can not be moved in a direction more than a single revolution when it is stopped by the pawl and ratchet device. The tooth or shoulder 37 is so located with respectV tothe curved finger 30 that when the reverse movement takes place and the reversed movement spindle has been `stopped the finger will be properly positioned so as to permit the twisted thread to be thrownotl' and disengaged therefrom, and it will also be in a f position to receive the next loop of the loop of the fringe thread from the looper arm as hereinafter described.

rfhe device that is adapted to throw off the twisted fringel thread consists of an elongated wire finger 54 that moves in; anarc or sweep upon a'rock shaft 55 and which is secured to the latter by means of a collar or holder 56, as seen in detail in Figure 4 of the drawings. In order to prevent the tassel that is thrown olf from mixing with preceding tassels. there is 'provided -a wire finger 9() preferably of L-shape that is adjustably secured to the bracket32 and extends normally aboy-*ethe tassel being twisted as seen in Fig. 3 and it is irregularly curved as in Fig. 4. The rock shaft 55 ex- -tends from end-toend ofl the machine and is journaled in the bearings. in each .of the U-shaped holders 33 heretofore mentioned.v A short slotted lever 57 ismonnted upon the end of ythe rock shaft. 55 that extends beyond the end frame 2 of the apparatus, which lever is connected by a reciprocating rod 58 to an actuated lever 59that is adjustably fulcrumed at its lower end in a slot 60 extending horizontally ofv the endv frame '2. A lateral extension 6l projects from the actuating lever 59, and its end is provided with a transverse pin or roller 6la that operates in a cani groove 62 in a. cam plate 63 that is secured to and'rotates with the main drive shaft l0.

Mounted upon the angle piece 25 alongside the comb 27 is a guide or eye 64 in the form of a U-shaped wire loop through which the fringe thread 65 passes from a suitable bobbin or other source of supply to the braid or selvedge in frontof the comb 27, and as soon as the warp threads 28 have charged their relative positions the comb frame is moved backwardly by means of the connecting rod 2Qinthe manner heretofore described. is soon as the comb hasmoved baokwardly suiiciently toclear the same the looper arm is swung rapidly across in front of the comb to engage the fringe thread 65k and carry the same across the curved pin 30 of the twister spindle 29 and loop it therein. During this motion of the looper the twister spindle of course is stationary,

and just previous thereto the throw-ofi" men ber 54 has been. swung upwardly and disengaged the previously twisted loop from the pin. This looper comprises an arm 66having its outer end hoolred and provided with an enlargement or head 67, the side edge of. the lattery being grooved as at 68 to engage with the fringe thread 65.` At its opposite end the looper arm 66 is also hook shaped and provided with an enlargement; 69 that is bored vertically and secured upon the projectingl `upper portion of a vertically disposed rock-shaft 70 that is journaled in upper and lower alining `bearings in the U- shaped holder 33 heretofore mentioned. For this purpose the upper and lower horizontal parallel members 7l and 72 of this U- shaped holder have their outer ends bored in alinement with each other and provide bearings 73 and 74 for the shaft, and the respective bosses are elongated so that they. extend towardsveach other, as shown in Figure 4 of the drawings. intermediate these bearings 73 and 74 the shaft 70 is provided with a worm 75 that is engaged and actuated by a worm rwheel 76 mounted upon a horizontally disposed roclrshaft 77. This rock shaft extends from end to end of the apparatus and extends beyond the endfranie l at the drive endfof the machine where it is provided with a lateral arm 78 thatis slotted iro longitudinally. A connecting rod 79 has one end adjustably mounted in the seat of arm Z8 and the opposite end of said rod is adjustably mounted in a slot 8O upon the upper end of a vertically disposed oscillating arm 8l that -actuates the saine. 'fhe lower end of the arm 8l is fulcrumed in a slot S2 formed horizontally in the adjacent portion of the end frame l of the apparatus, as shown in Figure l of the drawings, while intermediate its ends the arm is provided with a lateral member 83, 'the end of which is provided with a pin, a roller or the like to engage the cam groove 8d in the face of a cam plate 85 mounted upon and rotatable with the main drive shaft l0. Thus, upon each revolution of the drive shaft, the arm 78 is oscillated, which in turn rocks the shaft '37, and through the medium of the worm shaft causes the looper arm (SG to swing across the warp threads, picking up the fringe thread and looping the saine upon the curved pin 30 of the twister' spindle, and the return movement of the actuating lever Si, through the same instrumentalities, returns the loopeiwarm to its normal position, as seen in liligure of the drawings, so that the weaving mfv be resinned and the comb frame moved forwardly again. e

The instrumentalities heretofore described are so timed that there is no interference between their operations, the twister spindle being stationary when the throw-off memher 5d is raised to disengage the twister fringe thread from the curved pin of the twister spindle and remains stationary while the comb is being drawn backward, after which the looper arm is moved forward to loop another length of the fringe thread upon the curved pin 30. The cams and their connected elements then cause the reverse movement of the spindle, which twists the thread looper upon the curved pin while the comh Q7 is in close engagement with the previously woven selvedge. 'lihe structure above descrihed in connection with the twists er, the throw-olli and the looper arm that of a single unit, and it is understood that there is a plurality of these units positioned at intervals along the bar 34;, and by the use of the proper or desired heddles and harness structure a selvedge of different pattern and color, and fringe of different color may Le woven upon the several units in the same machine. lV ith the structure herein disclosed, the instrumentalities for twisting may be adjusted and the throw of 'the looper arm may be so controlled with relation to the selvedge that only desired length of fringe may he fabricated. ln order to twist a fringe of, say, live or inches in length, it would he desirable, of course, to rotate the spindle Q9 a greater number of revolutions than would be required for a fringe two or three inches in length. The adjustment necessary, .in order to take care of the desired length of fringe, is accomplished by adjusting the end of the connecting rod 46 in the slot in the arm or extension of the segmental gear or by yadjusting the opposite end of the connecting rod 26, in the slot l? of the vertical lever arm i8 that is actuated with the cam. Either or looth of these adjustments may he necessary to take care of the particular length of the fringe. lt will be understood that the closer the end of the rod il@ is to the pivot lll of the extension or arin l5 the longer will he the are of rotation of the segmental gear d3 and consequently he twister spindle will be given a greater number of rotations. ln-order to taire care of an increased length of fringe by the looper arm the comb 27 would be moved closer to the pivot or rock-shaft of the looper so that the selvedge or tape will he positioned a greater distance from the hook or curved pin 30 on the twister spindle.

Suitable mechanism, which forms no portion of my invention, usually is provided for winding the woven fringe upon spools or the like, but, for the purpose of simplicity, the same is not descrihed herein.

it will be understood that instrumentalities other than those specifically disclosed herein may he employed for carrying out the jninciples of my invention, vand it will also he obvious to others skilled in the that' divers modifications and relinements or changes may be made without departing from the principles l have herein disclosed. l desire it to be particularly understood that all such changes are fully contemplated as coming within the scope of the hereto appended claims.

llVhat l claim is l. .ln a fringe machine a thread twister comprising a spindle provided with means for engaging a looped thread, a pulley fast on said spindle, means for intermittently rotating saifl pulley in opposite directions whereby to twist and release the looped thread, and a pawl and ratchet mechanism that prevents the rotation of said spindle in one direction more than one revolution at a time.

ln a fringe machine a thread twister comprising a spindle provided with means for engaging a looped thread, a pulley faston said spindle, a drive pulley rotatable intermittently in opposite directions, means for actuating said drive pulley, a belt connecting said pulleys, and a pawl and ratchet n'ieehanism whereby the rotation of said spindle in one direction more than one revolution at a time is prevented.

8. ln a fringe machine a thread twister comprising a spindle provided with means for engaging a looped thread, a pawl and ratchet operatively connected to said spindle llO Y of at a time in a given direction, and abelt and pulleys operatively connecting said shaft and spindle whereby the latter is l rotated.

4. In a fringe machine a thread twister.

said shaft and spindle, a rock shaft, means oper-:'atively connecting sai( shafts, and means that permit free rotation of said spinf dle in one direction and a single rotation in the opposite direction.

5. In a fringe machine a thread twister comprising a rotatable `spindle provided with means `for engaging a looped thread, a rotatable shaft, a belt and pnlleysconnecting said shaft .and spindle, a rock shaft,

means operatively connectingy said shafts, and a paivl and ratchet .connected to the .spindle that permit-free rotation ofsaid spindle in one direction and a single rotation in the opposite direction.

In a fringe machine a thread twist-er comprising a spindle provided with means` for engaging a looped thread, a rotatable shaft, a belt yand pulleys connecting said shaft and spindle, a rock shaft, a segmental gear and pinion operatively connecting said shafts, and a patvl and ratchet connected to said spindle that permit free rotation of said spindle in one direction and a single rotation in the opposite direction.

7. In a fringe machine la thread twister comprising a rotatable spindle provided with means for engaging a looped thread, friction. means for actuating said spindle in opposite directions, and devices that cause said means to slip after rotating said spindle a predetermined distance in one direction.

8. In a fringe machine a thread twister comprising a rotatable spindle provided with means for engaging a looped thread, friction means for actuating said spindle in opposite directionsand a pawl and ratchet structure connected to said spindle that causes said means to slip after rotating said spindle a predetermined dist-ance in one direction.

9. In a fringe machine a spindle provided with means for engaging looped threads, a. pulley fast on said spindle, means for inter'- inittently rotating said pulley in opposite directionsI whereby to twist and release the looped thread, a paivl and ratchet mechanism that stops the rotation of said spindle in one direction prior to a complete revolution thereof, a looper' arm that engages the fringe thread and carries the saine to the looperreceiving means on said spindle, and meansV for intermittently actuating said looper arm during the stoppage of said spindle.

10. In a fringe machine a spindle provided With means for engaging a looped thread, a

1 pulley-.fast on said spindle, a .drive pulley rctatable intermittently in opposite directions, :means for actuating said drive pulley, av belt connecting said pulleys,a pavvl and ratchet mechanism that stops the rotation of said spindle at a predeteri'nined point in one direction, a looper arm thatl engages the fringe threadand carries the same to the loop-receiving means on said spindle, and

means for intermittently actuating said looper arm during thel stoppage of saidy spindle.

ll. In a fringe machine aspindle provided with means vforengaging a looped thread, apawl and ratchet mechanisinoperatively connected to said/spindle that stops the saine prior to a complete revolution thereof in a given direction, a beltand pulleys operatively connecting said shaft and spindle whereby the latter is rotated, a looper arm that engagesa flange thread and carries the same tothe loop-receiving means, onsaid spindle, andmeans for intermittently actuating said looper arm during `the stoppage of said spindle.' i

l2. In a fringe machinea rotatable spindle provided with means forI engaging a loopedthread, a rotatable shaft, a belt and pulleys connecting said shaft and spindle, a rock shaft, means operatively connecting said shafts, means that permit free rotation of said spindle in one direction and stop the rotation. thereof in the opposite direction at fringefthread and carriesthe saine to the loop-receivingmeans on said spindle, and

means lfor A.intermittently actuating` said looper arm during the `stoppage of said spindle. l

18. In a fringe machine a rotatable spindle provided with means for engaging a looped thread, a rotatable shaft,a belt and pulleys connecting said shaft and spindle, a rock shaft, means operatively connecting said shafts, a pawl and ratchet mechanism connected to said spindle that permits free rotation of said spindle in one direction and stops the .rotation thereof in the opposite direction at a given point, a looper arm that engages a fringe thread and carries the saine to the loop-receiving means on said spindle, and means forV intermittently actuating said looper arm during the stoppage of said spindle. f

14. In a fringe machine a rotatable spindle provided with means for engaging a looped thread, a rotatable shaft, a belt and pulleys connecting saidshaft and spindle, a rock shaft, a segmental gear and pinion operatively connecting said shafts, a paivl and ratchet mechanism connected to said spindle that permits free rotation of said spindle in onedirection and stops the rotation thereof in the opposite direction at a given point, a looper arm that engages a fringe thread and carries the saine to the loop-receiving means on said spindle, and means for intcrn'iittently actuating said looper arm during the stoppage of said spindle.

15. In a fringe machine a rotatable spindle provided with means for engaging a looped thread, frictienal devices for actuating said spindle in opposite directions, means to cause said frictionL devices to slip after rotating said spindle to a predeter mined point in one direction, a looper arm that engages a fringe thread and carries the saine to the loop-receiving means on said l spindle, and means for intern'iittently actuating said loper arm during the slippage of said friction device.

16. In a fringe machine a rotatable spindle provided with means for engaging a looped thread, frictional devices for actuating said spindle in opposite directions, a pawl and ratchet mechanism connected to said spindle to cause said friction devices to slip after rotating said spindle to a predetermined point in one direction, a looper arm that engages a fringey thread and carries the saine to the loop-receiving means on said spindle, and means for intermittently actuating said looper arm during the slippage of said friction device.

17. In a fringe machine a thread twister comprising a spindle provided With means for engaging a looped thread, a pulley fast on said spindle, means for intermittently rotating said pulley in Opposite directions whereby to twist and release the loopedv thread, devices that prevent the rotation of said spindle in one direction more than one revolution at a time, and'nieans for predetern'iining the number of twisting revolutions imparted to said spindle.

18. In a fringe machine a thread twister comprising a rotatable spindle provided with means for engaging a looped thread, friction means for actuating said pulley in opposite directions, devices that canse said means to slip after rotating said spindle a predetermined distance in one direction, and means for predetermining the number of twisting rotations imparted to said spindle.

19. In a fringe machine a thread twister comprising a rotatable spindle provided with means for engaging a looped threatha rotary reciprocable shaft, means operatively connecting said spindle and shaft, a pinion on said shaft, a segmental gear in mesh with said pinion, an oscillating lever, and a con. necting rod pivotally connected at one end to said lever and having a pin and slot connectionl with said segmental gear at its opposite end.

E20. In a fringe machine a thread twister vcomprising a rotatable spindle provided with means for engaging a looped thread,

a rotary reciprocahle shaft, means opera-V tively connecting said spindle and shaft, a pinion on said shaft, a segmental gear in mesh. with said pinion, an oscillating lever, and a connecting rod pivotally connected at one end to said segmental gear and having a pin and slot connection With said lever at its opposite end.

Signed at Chicago, county of Cook and State of Illinois, this 21st dav of April, 1924.

CHRISTIAN B. NELSON.

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